How to keep getting your post while you live somewhere else: redirecting it through the post office, mailbox services that give you a street address and scan your letters, and the rules on what that address can and can't be used for.
A mailbox address isn't a home. Banks, tax offices and licensing offices can often tell a mail-forwarding address from a place you live, and many won't accept one where they ask for your home address. Use it for your post; give your real address where you're asked where you live.
Before you choose
Go paperless first. Switch every bank, card, pension and insurer you can to email. Most mailboxes charge by the letter or the scan, so the less that arrives, the cheaper the plan you need.
Sort your ID while you still have a home address. A US mailbox needs two current IDs, one of them showing your home address, and a utility bill no longer counts. A lease or insurance policy that ends when you move can leave you without one. What counts
Use a post office redirect as a bridge. While you change your address with everyone, a redirect catches what you forget. It doesn't scan anything, so it works best for the first months.
Count what you get in a month. Plans are sold by how many items arrive and how many pages are scanned. Forwarding abroad is charged on top, so batch it: ask for one parcel of post every month or two, not each letter.
Which to choose
A US street address with your letters scanned, for as little as possible
All four will send your post abroad for a while, but none of them scans it, and most run for up to 12 months at a time. It is the simplest way to cover the move itself.
US: USPS
12 months; paid extensions are for US addresses only
How to set it up
In person at a Post Office, before you leave. You can't file it online from an address abroad.
What it costs abroad
Not listed for addresses abroad
Watch out for
Media Mail, Library Mail and Bound Printed Matter are forwarded only within the US.
Each gives you a real street address with a suite or box number. Post is logged with a photo of the envelope, and you choose to have it opened and scanned, shredded or sent on. Prices are the cheapest plan on each company's own page.
Each of its 2,500-plus locations sets its own plans. In Fort Walton Beach, Florida: an address only for $5.99 a month, or $9.99 for 50 items and 5 scanned pages a month.
Sending post abroad
Forwarding is offered; each location sets its fees
Any company that takes in post for you is a Commercial Mail Receiving Agency, and USPS won't let it deliver to you until you have signed Form 1583.
Two IDs
One photo ID (a passport or driver's licence, for example) and one showing your home address: a driver's licence, lease, mortgage, home or car insurance policy, vehicle registration or voter card. A driver's licence can count as one of the two, not both.
They must be current
Since July 2023, expired IDs, utility bills and work ID cards don't count.
Signing it
Since May 2024 you can sign in front of the mailbox company's staff, in person or on a live video call, or in front of a US notary, including an online one.
Banks
Federal rules ask banks for a home or business street address. Banks run their own checks, and mailbox addresses are often flagged as commercial, so expect questions, or a refusal, if you give one as your home.
The IRS
You can give the IRS an address abroad, and change it with Form 8822. US citizens owe US tax on worldwide income wherever they live, whatever address they use.
Your state
A mail address on its own doesn't make you a resident of a new state. While you keep a home, a licence or your vote in your old state, it may still count you as its resident for tax.
Americans with no home in the US still need a state for a driver's licence, car registration and voting. Some mail services in Texas, Florida and South Dakota, three states with no state income tax, are set up to be that address. The address alone isn't enough: the licence, registration and vote are what show the state is your home, and you should cut ties with your old one.
South Dakota
Your first licence is applied for in person. If you use a mail service, you sign a residency affidavit with a receipt for one night's stay in South Dakota in the past year, at an RV park, campground or hotel. It must be signed in front of a notary or licence examiner; online notaries aren't accepted.
Voting in South Dakota
If you register with a mail-forwarding address as where you live, and don't describe where you actually stay, you are registered to vote in federal elections only.
Texas
Get a licence in person within 90 days of making Texas your home, and register your car within 30.
Florida
File a Declaration of Domicile with the county clerk, then get your licence in person.
Escapees Mail Service
Texas, with Florida and South Dakota addresses too
From $110 to $125 a year (its price page shows both), plus Escapees RV Club membership
Built for full-time RVers. New accounts pay a $50 postage deposit, and scanning costs extra. Letters go to most countries, but packages aren't sent abroad: they wait until you're back. You can use the address for post only, without making Texas your home.
The UK services split in two: mailboxes that scan your personal post and send it abroad, and virtual offices that give a company a London address. Check which you need before you pay.
Service
From
Sending post abroad
Company registered office
UK PostboxScanned letters and a street address, from abroad
About £18 a month for a street address and 5 letters
Forwarding is offered; each location sets its fees
Not stated
UK Postbox
Scanned letters and a street address, from abroad
About £18 a month for a street address and 5 letters
A street address in Poole is £12 a month and the 5-letter plan £6 (both including VAT). Or a free PO Box address and £1.20 a letter. Envelopes are scanned free on every letter plan.
Since 4 March 2024 it must be an "appropriate address", where post can be signed for and will reach someone acting for the company. A PO Box isn't allowed. If Companies House finds yours isn't appropriate, it moves you to a default address and you have 28 days to fix it before it starts to strike the company off.
Banks
Most UK banks and building societies expect a UK address for a personal account. Ask yours before you change it to a mailbox.
HMRC
Tell HMRC you're leaving with form P85, or the residence pages (SA109) if you do Self Assessment. Give it your home address abroad, and a UK correspondence address too if you want post there. HMRC only sends refund cheques to UK addresses.
Tax residence
Decided by the Statutory Residence Test: your days in the UK, whether you have a UK home, and your ties here. A postal address isn't one of the tests.
Count the days that decide where you pay tax. Tax-day tracker
Fewer choices outside the US and UK. For Canada and Australia, the post office redirects above are the other route.
Caya
Germany
€12.99 a month for the first year, then €14.99
Up to 10 scans a month. It can give you a Caya address, or collect from your own German address for €39.99 for 12 months. Sending documents abroad starts at €13.99.